1. 3D Modeling: 3D modeling is the process of creating 3D objects and characters in a digital environment. Understanding how to use modeling software to create 3D assets is fundamental.

2. Texturing and Shading: Applying textures and materials to 3D models to give them color, texture, and surface properties is crucial for creating realistic-looking objects.

3. Rigging: Rigging involves creating a digital skeleton for 3D characters, allowing them to be animated realistically. It includes setting up bones, joints, and controls for movement.

4. Animation Principles: Just like in 2D animation, understanding animation principles such as timing, spacing, anticipation, and follow-through is essential for creating convincing motion in 3D animations.

5. Character Animation: This subject focuses on animating 3D characters. It includes understanding character anatomy, creating realistic movements, and conveying emotions through animation.

6. Keyframe Animation: Keyframe animation involves setting key poses at specific points in the animation timeline, and the software interpolates the in-between frames. This is a fundamental technique for animating in 3D.

7. Physics and Dynamics: Understanding physics and dynamics simulation is important for creating realistic physical interactions, such as cloth, hair, and objects responding to forces like gravity and wind.

8. Lighting and Rendering: Learning how to set up and control lighting in 3D scenes, as well as rendering (generating the final images or frames), is critical for achieving a polished look.

9. 3D Software Proficiency: Familiarity with 3D animation software such as Autodesk Maya, Blender, Cinema 4D, or 3ds Max is essential for 3D animators.

10. Special Effects (FX): Creating visual effects, such as explosions, smoke, fire, and magical effects, adds depth and excitement to 3D animations. Knowledge of FX software and techniques is beneficial.